{"id":18042,"date":"2022-09-07T14:41:50","date_gmt":"2022-09-07T13:41:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/plataformazeo.com\/?p=18042"},"modified":"2022-09-07T14:59:50","modified_gmt":"2022-09-07T13:59:50","slug":"vuelta-al-cole-sostenible-estan-los-colegios-implicados-en-la-lucha-contra-el-cambio-climatico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/plataformazeo.com\/es\/vuelta-al-cole-sostenible-estan-los-colegios-implicados-en-la-lucha-contra-el-cambio-climatico\/","title":{"rendered":"Vuelta al cole sostenible: \u00bfEst\u00e1n los colegios implicados en la lucha contra el cambio clim\u00e1tico?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Despu\u00e9s de un verano marcado por las olas de calor y la sequ\u00eda, toca volver a la realidad y a la rutina. Durante las primeras semanas de septiembre, los colegios, institutos y centros de formaci\u00f3n de Espa\u00f1a est\u00e1n abriendo ya sus puertas para volver a acoger a millones de estudiantes en el nuevo curso escolar 2022- 2023<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Tras pasar uno de los veranos m\u00e1s calurosos de la historia, hecho que ha activado las alarmas tanto de la comunidad clim\u00e1tica como de los gobiernos y organizaciones internacionales, ahora toca preguntarse: \u00bfest\u00e1n realmente sensibilizados los colegios frente a esta problem\u00e1tica? \u00bfC\u00f3mo contribuyen a la lucha contra el cambio clim\u00e1tico?<\/p>\n

Aunque muchos puedan pensar que los colegios solo pueden contribuir a esta causa a trav\u00e9s de la divulgaci\u00f3n y la concienciaci\u00f3n en las aulas, lo cierto es que pueden hacer mucho m\u00e1s.<\/p>\n

Desde estrategias de adaptaci\u00f3n, las m\u00e1s comunes, hasta acciones para reducir la huella de carbono de estas instalaciones o mecanismos para hacerlas m\u00e1s resilientes.<\/p>\n

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El Gobierno lanza un nuevo Plan para adaptar los colegios al cambio clim\u00e1tico<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

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En este sentido, precisamente pocos d\u00edas antes de la \u201cvuelta al cole\u201d, el Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a anunci\u00f3 la activaci\u00f3n de un nuevo plan para adaptar los colegios al cambio clim\u00e1tico<\/strong>. Seg\u00fan fuentes del Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, el plan contar\u00e1 con un presupuesto de 200 millones de euros y estar\u00e1 enfocado en preparar a los centros educativos para las pr\u00f3ximas olas de calor.<\/p>\n

Esta medida de adaptaci\u00f3n a la emergencia clim\u00e1tica se llevar\u00e1 a cabo de manera coordinada con las diferentes comunidades aut\u00f3nomas. Desde el Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n han informado de que uno de los cambios que se est\u00e1n valorando, es realizar una instalaci\u00f3n masiva de aires acondicionados y naturalizar los espacios de recreo<\/strong>, incorporando muchas m\u00e1s zonas verdes en los colegios.<\/p>\n

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Sin embargo, la mayor\u00eda de expertos ambientalistas aseguran que lo m\u00e1s efectivo ser\u00eda cambiar el modelo constructivo para que los edificios sean resilientes al cambio clim\u00e1tico. Tratar de reformar las escuelas aplicando la arquitectura bioclim\u00e1tica<\/a> y construir los edificios nuevos bajo estos criterios.<\/p>\n

Y es que la mayor\u00eda consideran que la instalaci\u00f3n de aire acondicionado deber\u00eda ser el \u00faltimo recurso, debido al gran gasto energ\u00e9tico que supone.<\/p>\n

Ser\u00eda contraproducente activar una medida de adaptaci\u00f3n para la lucha contra el cambio clim\u00e1tico que, al mismo tiempo, pudiese generar un aumento de las emisiones \u2013 en el caso de que el suministro de electricidad del colegio no fuese de origen renovable-.<\/p>\n

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\u201cHacer m\u00e1s verdes los patios de recreo\u201d, la medida con mejor acogida entre la comunidad clim\u00e1tica<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

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Por otra parte, la idea de hacer m\u00e1s sostenibles los patios de recreo ha tenido una mejor acogida por parte de la comunidad clim\u00e1tica<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

De hecho, a principios del verano de 2022, algunos colegios andaluces, murcianos y extreme\u00f1os construyeron refugios clim\u00e1ticos en estas instalaciones, tanto para los ni\u00f1os, como para la ciudadan\u00eda de a pie \u2013 que pudieron acceder libremente a los mismos durante los meses de julio y agosto, en los cu\u00e1les no hay clases-.<\/p>\n

En ciudades como Barcelona, por ejemplo, este verano el Ayuntamiento convirti\u00f3 11 escuelas en refugios clim\u00e1ticos,<\/strong> substituyendo parte del asfalto de los patios por zonas verdes, construyendo fuentes de agua y realizando reformas en los edificios para as\u00ed mejorar su aislamiento.<\/p>\n

De hecho, la capital catalana es un ejemplo de ciudad comprometida con esta causa: actualmente es la ciudad de Espa\u00f1a con una mayor red de refugios clim\u00e1ticos<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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Parte de los municipios que llevaron a cabo estas remodelaciones para adaptarse al cambio clim\u00e1tico, lo hicieron a trav\u00e9s de proyectos financiados con fondos europeos.<\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s, durante los meses de mayo y junio, otros colegios han optado por flexibilizar o acortar el horario lectivo, para as\u00ed evitar que las consecuencias del cambio clim\u00e1tico hicieran mella en la salud y el bienestar de los m\u00e1s peque\u00f1os.<\/p>\n

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\u00bfQu\u00e9 estrategias de mitigaci\u00f3n est\u00e1n llevando a cabo los colegios?<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

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Sin duda, la adaptaci\u00f3n al cambio clim\u00e1tico es una estrategia necesaria a todas las escalas<\/strong> y claramente la mayor\u00eda de escuelas est\u00e1n haciendo un gran esfuerzo para aplicarla. Ahora bien, \u00bfqu\u00e9 hay de las medidas de mitigaci\u00f3n?<\/p>\n

Precisamente, uno de los focos del nuevo Plan de Adaptaci\u00f3n de los colegios al cambio clim\u00e1tico del Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a es hacer m\u00e1s verdes los patios. En este sentido, es importante tener en cuenta que, al plantar nuevos \u00e1rboles, arbustos y otro tipo de vegetaci\u00f3n<\/strong>, tambi\u00e9n se est\u00e1 llevando a cabo una acci\u00f3n de mitigaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

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Y es que la vegetaci\u00f3n no solo da sombra, sino que crea microclimas que nos permiten regular la temperatura y la humedad. Y, sobre todo, captura di\u00f3xido de carbono y libera ox\u00edgeno, reduciendo de este modo el nivel de CO2 de la atm\u00f3sfera<\/strong> y actuando como un sumidero de carbono.<\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s, otra de las \u00e1reas desde las cu\u00e1les los colegios pueden contribuir a la lucha contra el cambio clim\u00e1tico es la movilidad. Es vital que las escuelas promuevan el transporte a pie, en bicicleta o a trav\u00e9s de veh\u00edculos el\u00e9ctricos de bajo impacto ecol\u00f3gico \u2013 patinetes, motos y coches el\u00e9ctricos-.<\/p>\n

Y es que es una escena muy com\u00fan ver a los padres dejando a sus hijos en el colegio o esperarlos a la salida aparcados en triple fila. En este sentido, promover alternativas sostenibles, habilitando carriles bici o rutas escolares urbanas<\/strong> seguras<\/strong>, no s\u00f3lo facilitar\u00eda la vida a las familias, sino que tambi\u00e9n ayudar\u00eda a reducir la huella de carbono asociada a estos colegios.<\/p>\n

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La eficiencia energ\u00e9tica en las escuelas: un motor para reducir su huella de carbono<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

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A trav\u00e9s de la eficiencia energ\u00e9tica, las escuelas tienen un amplio margen de mejora para reducir la huella de carbono asociada a su actividad. Reducir el consumo energ\u00e9tico de las aulas puede ser una excelente herramienta de mitigaci\u00f3n. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Existen diferentes formas para reducir el consumo energ\u00e9tico de los centros educativos:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Promoviendo su empoderamiento energ\u00e9tico. Haciendo a la direcci\u00f3n del colegio part\u00edcipe de las decisiones vinculadas al suministro energ\u00e9tico y form\u00e1ndoles en este \u00e1mbito.<\/li>\n
  2. Reduciendo y optimizando el consumo energ\u00e9tico de los centros y mejorando su confort.<\/li>\n
  3. Impulsando proyectos interdisciplinarios de aprendizaje en los centros educativos. Por ejemplo, concienciando a los m\u00e1s peque\u00f1os de la importancia de cerrar las luces al salir de clase,<\/strong> pero tambi\u00e9n sobre la vulnerabilidad energ\u00e9tica que sufren algunas familias en riesgo de exclusi\u00f3n social.<\/li>\n
  4. Apostando por un suministro energ\u00e9tico 100% renovable y aplicando mejoras t\u00e9cnicas, como cambios en la iluminaci\u00f3n, la construcci\u00f3n de galer\u00edas para obtener m\u00e1s luz natural<\/strong>, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    En Barcelona llevan a cabo todo este tipo de acciones a trav\u00e9s del programa Escoles + Sostenibles. Desde 2001, contribuyen a la sostenibilidad desde la educaci\u00f3n, reconociendo las escuelas como agentes de cambio en la ciudad.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>\n

    De hecho, a partir del curso 2017-2018<\/strong> activaron el proyecto E3 de empoderamiento energ\u00e9tico en algunos centros educativos de Barcelona. La prueba piloto tuvo lugar en los institutos Barri Bes\u00f2s, Dr. Puigvert i Rambla del Prim.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>\n

    Adem\u00e1s, desde algunos colegios ya se est\u00e1 empezando a impulsar el autoconsumo solar fotovoltaico<\/strong>, realizando instalaciones de placas solares en las azoteas para as\u00ed fomentar la soberan\u00eda energ\u00e9tica.<\/p>\n

    [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00bb40px\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/plataformazeo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Paneles-solares-escuela-1.jpeg\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb \/][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00bb1px\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb 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    De este modo, los colegios se implican de una forma m\u00e1s directa en la lucha contra el cambio clim\u00e1tico y, adem\u00e1s, reducen su factura de la luz.<\/p>\n

    Paralelamente, es importante impulsar planes de econom\u00eda circular, activando sistemas eficientes de reciclaje<\/strong>, o bien men\u00fas sostenibles, reduciendo la carne de los men\u00fas escolares y apostando por un mayor consumo de vegetales de KM0 o de proximidad.<\/p>\n

    Otras acciones que pueden ayudar a las escuelas a ser m\u00e1s ZEO son:<\/p>\n