{"id":19789,"date":"2023-08-11T11:51:30","date_gmt":"2023-08-11T10:51:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/plataformazeo.com\/?p=19789"},"modified":"2023-08-11T11:53:02","modified_gmt":"2023-08-11T10:53:02","slug":"como-afecta-el-cambio-climatico-al-turismo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/plataformazeo.com\/es\/como-afecta-el-cambio-climatico-al-turismo\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfC\u00f3mo afecta el cambio clim\u00e1tico al turismo?"},"content":{"rendered":"

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El turismo est\u00e1 considerado una de las actividades econ\u00f3micas que m\u00e1s contribuyen al cambio clim\u00e1tico. Seg\u00fan el an\u00e1lisis publicado en la revista cient\u00edfica Nature Climate Change<\/strong>, el turismo global representa el 8% de las emisiones GEI que provocan el calentamiento global de la tierra.<\/p>\n

Las emisiones derivadas del turismo incluyen, desde la primera decisi\u00f3n cuando emprendemos un viaje -el destino elegido o el modo en el que nos desplazamos-, hasta el hotel en el que nos alojamos, los productos que compramos o las actividades de ocio que realizamos.<\/p>\n

Por ejemplo, seg\u00fan la\u00a0Agencia Europea de Medio Ambiente (EEA<\/strong>), viajando en tren un pasajero emite\u00a014 gramos de di\u00f3xido de carbono por kil\u00f3metro; mientras que si lo hace en avi\u00f3n, el c\u00f3mputo podr\u00eda superar los 285 gramos. Estos datos demuestran que los viajes en avi\u00f3n generan una huella de carbono 20 veces mayor que la de los viajes en tren.<\/p>\n

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En este sentido, es importante tener en cuenta que el sector de la aviaci\u00f3n es\u00a0responsable del 3,6% de las emisiones GEI de la Uni\u00f3n Europea<\/strong>\u00a0y representa un 13,4% del total de emisiones generadas por el transporte mundial.<\/p>\n

De hecho, los pron\u00f3sticos de la EEA auguran que en la pr\u00f3xima d\u00e9cada el n\u00famero de vuelos podr\u00eda crecer hasta un 42% y, sus emisiones, representar\u00edan el 20% de las totales. Sin duda, se trata de una cifra incompatible con los objetivos del Acuerdo de Par\u00eds 2015.<\/p>\n

Tal y como alerta el movimiento \u201cFlygskam\u201d o \u201cverg\u00fcenza de volar\u201d\u00a0impulsado por influencers ecologistas como Greta Thunberg: los viajes de ocio a destinos lejanos son incompatibles con la situaci\u00f3n actual de emergencia clim\u00e1tica.<\/p>\n

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El turismo es uno de los focos para la acci\u00f3n clim\u00e1tica<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

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box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00bb40px\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″]<\/p>\n

Las emisiones derivadas del turismo son numerosas y abarcan diferentes fases del proceso de organizaci\u00f3n del viaje y su posterior disfrute. Precisamente por ello, este sector econ\u00f3mico se ha convertido en uno de los principales focos de la acci\u00f3n clim\u00e1tica.<\/p>\n

Si queremos cumplir con el objetivo de reducir un 55% las emisiones para 2030 y lograr ser ZEO -cero emisiones- para 2050, debemos activar planes y estrategias para reducir la huella de carbono del turismo.<\/p>\n

Todo ello, siempre teniendo en cuenta que el turismo se ha convertido en\u00a0una de las grandes industrias que sustentan la econom\u00eda mundial<\/strong> y de la cu\u00e1l dependen millones de puestos de trabajo y familias.<\/p>\n

Seg\u00fan la Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial del Turismo (OMT<\/strong>), en 2019 el turismo internacional gener\u00f3 alrededor de 1,3 billones de euros en ingresos. Por otro lado, se estima que este sector contribuye de manera importante al Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) de muchos pa\u00edses, siendo una fuente importante de empleo y desarrollo econ\u00f3mico en numerosas regiones.<\/p>\n

En este sentido, la transici\u00f3n hacia un turismo m\u00e1s sostenible y respetuoso con el medio ambiente debe ser justa<\/strong> y llevarse a cabo teniendo en cuenta a todos los agentes implicados en esta econom\u00eda.<\/p>\n

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Nuestro objetivo debe ser disminuir la huella de carbono asociada al turismo tanto desde la acci\u00f3n gubernamental, como desde la empresarial o la individual. Cada actor, en su justa medida, tiene responsabilidad y capacidad de acci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Si bien hemos analizado el impacto del turismo en el cambio clim\u00e1tico y el medio ambiente, tambi\u00e9n es importante tener cuenta la otra cara de la moneda: \u00bfc\u00f3mo est\u00e1 afectando el cambio clim\u00e1tico al turismo?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Y es que el turismo es altamente vulnerable al cambio clim\u00e1tico, aunque, al mismo tiempo,\u00a0contribuye de forma considerable a la emisi\u00f3n de gases de efecto invernadero.<\/p>\n

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\u00bfCu\u00e1les son las consecuencias del cambio clim\u00e1tico en el turismo?<\/strong><\/em><\/h2>\n

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El cambio clim\u00e1tico ha provocado cambios sustanciales en nuestra forma de organizar los viajes y el turismo a escala global. Tambi\u00e9n en los patrones de consumo y tendencias tur\u00edsticas y en los criterios de selecci\u00f3n de destinos.<\/p>\n

A continuaci\u00f3n, desde la Plataforma ZEO hemos analizado las diferentes consecuencias del cambio clim\u00e1tico en el turismo:<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. El cambio clim\u00e1tico ha provocado cambios en los patrones de viaje<\/strong>. Como veremos m\u00e1s adelante, en la actualidad, destinos que antes eran populares en ciertas \u00e9pocas del a\u00f1o se han vuelto menos atractivos debido al calor extremo y las condiciones clim\u00e1ticas desfavorables. Adem\u00e1s, el cambio clim\u00e1tico ha aumentado la frecuencia y la intensidad de eventos clim\u00e1ticos extremos, como tormentas, huracanes y sequ\u00edas. En este sentido, el creciente n\u00famero de fen\u00f3menos clim\u00e1ticos extremos en el Sud Este asi\u00e1tico o el Caribe<\/strong>, hacen que muchos viajeros se lo piensen dos veces antes de elegir estos destinos para pasar sus vacaciones.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Existen algunos lugares que dependen de condiciones clim\u00e1ticas espec\u00edficas, como las estaciones de esqu\u00ed, playas o reservas naturales como zonas glaciares, que se han vuelto especialmente vulnerables. En este sentido, muchas ciudades costeras e incluso pa\u00edses insulares han dejado de ser destinos tur\u00edsticos atractivos<\/strong> debido a que el aumento del nivel del mar ha inundado o erosionado sus infraestructuras tur\u00edsticas costeras.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. En algunos destinos las temperaturas han subido tanto, que autoridades como la OMS recomiendan no visitarlas. Y es que la exposici\u00f3n prolongada al calor extremo puede dar lugar a golpes de calor y otros problemas m\u00e9dicos relacionados con el mismo. Esto disuade a los turistas a visitarlas y, por lo tanto, deja sin ingresos a los restaurantes y empresas de ocio que operan en la zona.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u00a0<\/p>\n

        Para abordar todos estos cambios y evitar que tengan un impacto perjudicial en la econom\u00eda de muchos territorios, la industria del turismo y los gobiernos est\u00e1n activando estrategias para promover el turismo sostenible.<\/strong> Esto incluye la promoci\u00f3n de turismo responsable y la inversi\u00f3n en infraestructuras m\u00e1s resistentes al clima.<\/p>\n

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        \u00bfC\u00f3mo afecta la subida de las temperaturas al turismo?<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n

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        La subida de las temperaturas ha dado pie a que algunos de los destinos tur\u00edsticos m\u00e1s atractivos del Planeta sean ahora imposibles de visitar. En la actualidad, el Servicio de Cambio Clim\u00e1tico de Copernicus<\/strong>, y las agencias de viajes recomiendan a los viajeros evitar destinos tur\u00edsticos donde, a determinadas horas, se desaconseja reservar una excursi\u00f3n debido a las elevadas temperaturas. Esto sucede, por ejemplo, en Egipto, donde ahora el verano es temporada baja para viajar a El Cairo, Alejandr\u00eda o Luxor.<\/p>\n

        Estas temperaturas extremas, que hasta ahora eran habituales en periodo estival en el continente africano, est\u00e1n empezando a darse tambi\u00e9n en la regi\u00f3n Mediterr\u00e1nea<\/strong>. Debido al aumento de las temperaturas provocado por el cambio clim\u00e1tico, existen algunos planes de ocio tur\u00edstico que no se pueden desarrollar sin riesgo para la salud en determinadas zonas costeras del mediterr\u00e1neo.<\/p>\n

        Precisamente por ello, no es de extra\u00f1ar que el \u00edndice de satisfacci\u00f3n de los turistas haya bajado en m\u00faltiples destinos y pa\u00edses de la costa mediterr\u00e1nea. Seg\u00fan la Comisi\u00f3n Europea, Grecia, Italia, Croacia y Espa\u00f1a son los pa\u00edses m\u00e1s expuestos a estas consecuencias del cambio clim\u00e1tico en el turismo.<\/p>\n

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        El \u00cdndice de Percepci\u00f3n Clim\u00e1tica de los visitantes internacionales a varios pa\u00edses de Europa<\/strong>, elaborado por la consultora Mabrian, demuestra que, entre junio y julio de este a\u00f1o, Espa\u00f1a ha logrado una puntuaci\u00f3n de 86 sobre 100, una cifra un 8% m\u00e1s baja en comparaci\u00f3n a la del 2022.<\/p>\n

        Por otro lado, en Italia la puntuaci\u00f3n ha sido de un 87 y en Grecia de un 88, lo que representa una ca\u00edda del 5% y el 7% con respecto al a\u00f1o anterior.<\/p>\n

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        \u00bfC\u00f3mo est\u00e1 afectando el cambio clim\u00e1tico al turismo en Europa?<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n

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        Un 8% de los turistas europeos est\u00e1n preocupados por el clima extremo. No es de extra\u00f1ar si tenemos en cuenta los testimonios y experiencias que muchos turistas han vivido este verano en la zona Mediterr\u00e1nea.<\/p>\n

        Seg\u00fan recoge un art\u00edculo publicado en La Vanguardia, durante el mes de julio se las autoridades de Santorini emitieron diversos avisos de alerta por calor a los terminales m\u00f3viles de los habitantes y las personas que estaban veraneando<\/strong> en la zona, alertando de la posibilidad de temperaturas de hasta 46\u00baC.<\/p>\n

        Se trata de un sistema de alerta que se ha activado en m\u00faltiples pa\u00edses, a trav\u00e9s del cual todas las personas ubicadas en un determinado espacio geogr\u00e1fico reciben en su m\u00f3vil un pitido con un mensaje de alerta. En Espa\u00f1a este sistema se conoce como ES-Alert, y est\u00e1 operativo desde febrero como respuesta a las olas de calor que est\u00e1n teniendo lugar este verano.<\/p>\n

        Tambi\u00e9n en Grecia, este verano m\u00e1s de 2.000 turistas tuvieron que ser evacuados de las islas de Corf\u00fa y Rodas debido a intensos incendios provocados por las elevadas temperaturas.<\/p>\n

        En Atenas tuvieron que cerrar la Acr\u00f3polis, el mayor atractivo tur\u00edstico de la ciudad, y en Roma y N\u00e1poles hicieron lo propio con otras atracciones tur\u00edsticas y culturales que est\u00e1n al aire libre.<\/p>\n

        El term\u00f3metro en el Sur de Europa ha saltado este verano, como tambi\u00e9n lo ha hecho la preocupaci\u00f3n y la desconfianza por parte de los turistas a la hora de elegir destinos de este tipo.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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        Las agencias de viajes aseguran que el turismo en el sur de Europa y, especialmente, en Espa\u00f1a, vive un momento de impasse. Por suerte, los turistas extranjeros siguen eligiendo lugares realmente calurosos para veranear como Madrid, Sevilla o Granada.<\/p>\n

        Sin embargo, \u00faltimamente los turistas nacionales prefieren irse fuera de Espa\u00f1a en verano, <\/strong>antes que visitar una ciudad del interior en pleno julio o agosto. Esta nueva tendencia repercute negativamente en el turismo nacional y el objetivo de lograr un turismo m\u00e1s sostenible. Es el pez que se muerde la cola.<\/p>\n

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        \u00bfC\u00f3mo afecta el cambio clim\u00e1tico al turismo internacional?<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n

        [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00bb1px\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00bb1px\u00bb ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ 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        Aunque esto quiz\u00e1 aun no suponga un problema para la industria tur\u00edstica internacional, cada vez existen m\u00e1s personas que apuestan por el turismo local o de proximidad debido al cambio clim\u00e1tico<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

        Son conscientes de la elevada huella de carbono que supone viajar a un destino tur\u00edstico fuera del continente, sobre todo, porque para hacerlo la mayor\u00eda de veces es necesario ir en avi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

        Por eso podr\u00edamos decir que el turismo internacional tambi\u00e9n podr\u00eda llegar a perder cuota de mercado<\/strong> debido al incremento de precios y la conciencia clim\u00e1tica.<\/p>\n

        De hecho, durante la Semana del Clima de Nueva York, Julia Simpson, la presidente y directora del Consejo Mundial del Viaje y el Turismo (WTTC), record\u00f3 que \u201clos turistas no quieren ir a lugares que no cuiden el medio ambiente\u201d.<\/p>\n

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        La conciencia clim\u00e1tica est\u00e1 afectando al turismo en general, debido a que los turistas est\u00e1n escogiendo destinos que tengan pr\u00e1cticas amigables con el medioambiente,<\/strong> en los que puedan estar tranquilos que su impacto en el medio ambiente ser\u00e1 m\u00ednimo.<\/p>\n

        Precisamente por ello, durante este encuentro clim\u00e1tico, Simpson se\u00f1al\u00f3 la importancia de que este sector oriente sus pr\u00e1cticas hacia modelos sostenibles, ya que es una de las industrias m\u00e1s afectadas por el cambio clim\u00e1tico.<\/p>\n

        Recomend\u00f3 a los gobiernos y al sector privado a que contribuyan de manera decisiva a frenar el deterioro del planeta, la p\u00e9rdida de la biodiversidad y el cambio clim\u00e1tico, coordin\u00e1ndose entre ambos<\/strong> para generar iniciativas basadas en el turismo sostenible y en las estrategias nacionales en beneficio de la biodiversidad<\/p>\n

        Y es que el sector de los viajes y turismo tiene un papel crucial en la descarbonizaci\u00f3n y protecci\u00f3n del medioambiente. \u201cDebemos \u2018reconstruirnos\u2019 de manera sostenible, con un crecimiento positivo para la sociedad, el ecosistema y el patrimonio cultural, elementos en los que dependemos\u201d, asegur\u00f3 Simpson.<\/p>\n

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        Sin duda, el cambio clim\u00e1tico est\u00e1 transformando las tendencias de consumo tur\u00edstico, lo que podr\u00eda afectar a la econom\u00eda mundial y a los miles de personas que dependen de ella. Todo ello, por no hablar del impacto que este fen\u00f3meno est\u00e1 teniendo en muchos destinos tur\u00edsticos considerados patrimonio de la humanidad y que hoy se encuentran amenazados por sus consecuencias, <\/strong>como, por ejemplo, el perito moreno.<\/p>\n

        Por este motivo, resulta fundamental establecer una estrategia de doble filo con respecto al turismo<\/strong>: reducir su huella de carbono apostando por un turismo m\u00e1s sostenible y activar planes de mitigaci\u00f3n y resiliencia para reducir las consecuencias del cambio clim\u00e1tico en el mismo.<\/p>\n

        [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        El cambio clim\u00e1tico ha provocado cambios en nuestra forma de organizar los viajes y el turismo a escala global. Tambi\u00e9n en los patrones a la hora de viajar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":19790,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[83,80,16,145],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19789","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-documentacion","category-economia-es","category-transporte","category-turismo"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfC\u00f3mo afecta el cambio clim\u00e1tico al turismo? - ZeroEmissionsObjective<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El cambio clim\u00e1tico ha provocado cambios en nuestra forma de organizar los viajes y el turismo a escala global. 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