salvaron por la campana, pero con acuerdos m\u00ednimos<\/a>. Despu\u00e9s de d\u00edas y largas horas de debate, este encuentro internacional estuvo a punto de cerrarse sin acuerdo y con la amenaza por parte de la Uni\u00f3n Europea de abandonar las negociaciones.<\/p>\nA \u00faltima hora de la COP27, gracias al liderazgo del Secretario General de la ONU, Antonio Gut\u00e9rres, las partes firmantes se comprometieron a luchar por el objetivo com\u00fan de mantener un calentamiento global de la Tierra no superior a 1,5\u00baC, tal y como recoge el Acuerdo de Par\u00eds. De todos modos, se negaron a responsabilizarse de la \u201celiminaci\u00f3n progresiva<\/strong>\u201d de los combustibles f\u00f3siles.<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00bb1px\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ 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\u00bfCu\u00e1l fue el mayor logro de la pasada COP27?<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00bb1px\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00bb1px\u00bb 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Lo m\u00e1s destacable de esta controvertida edici\u00f3n fue la aprobaci\u00f3n del Fondo de P\u00e9rdidas y Da\u00f1os para los pa\u00edses en v\u00edas de desarrollo<\/strong>. Estos son los pa\u00edses m\u00e1s afectados por las visibles consecuencias del cambio clim\u00e1tico y, parad\u00f3jicamente, los que menos han contribuido al mismo.<\/p>\nEste Fondo, que a\u00fan no ha sido activado, establece mecanismos para que los pa\u00edses m\u00e1s desarrollados compensen las p\u00e9rdidas y da\u00f1os\u00a0provocados por las consecuencias del cambio clim\u00e1tico.<\/p>\n
Mediante su funci\u00f3n de acreedores y reguladores y su influencia en el\u00a0Banco Mundial, los Estados de ingresos m\u00e1s elevados deber\u00e1n aliviar la deuda o conceder pr\u00e9stamos con unas condiciones menos severas para acelerar a<\/span> una transici\u00f3n justa a las energ\u00edas renovables en todo el mundo.<\/strong><\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00bb40px\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/plataformazeo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/jason-blackeye-kufsOr1-F-s-unsplash.jpg\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb \/][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object 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De hecho, el 3 y el 4 de noviembre, el Comit\u00e9 de Transici\u00f3n sobre P\u00e9rdidas y Da\u00f1os se reuni\u00f3 en Abu Dabi por quinta vez para debatir c\u00f3mo activar la implementaci\u00f3n este fondo<\/strong>: \u201cComo hemos demostrado en Abu Dabi, el multilateralismo funciona. El Comit\u00e9 de Transici\u00f3n ha superado los puntos muertos y ha encontrado puntos en com\u00fan para ofrecer recomendaciones claras\u201d.<\/p>\nSe espera que en esta COP28 se determine c\u00f3mo se dirigir\u00e1 y gestionar\u00e1 el fondo. Las partes deben sellar el acuerdo en Dubai y empezar a cumplir definitivamente con sus obligaciones con respecto al Fondo de P\u00e9rdidas y Da\u00f1os<\/strong>: proveer de un apoyo muy necesario basado en subvenciones a los pa\u00edses particularmente afectados por el clima y las p\u00e9rdidas.\u00a0<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00bb1px\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object 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El debate sobre la prohibici\u00f3n del carb\u00f3n ser\u00e1 uno de los ejes centrales de la COP28<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00bb1px\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ 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La activaci\u00f3n definitiva del Fondo de P\u00e9rdidas y Da\u00f1os ser\u00e1 una de las cuestiones abordadas en la pr\u00f3xima COP28. Sin embargo, el debate sobre la prohibici\u00f3n del carb\u00f3n como fuente de energ\u00eda promete ser el eje central de este encuentro clim\u00e1tico.<\/p>\n
Seg\u00fan el medio El Economista, durante la COP28 Estados Unidos y Francia planean proponer el cese definitivo de la financiaci\u00f3n privada a las centrales el\u00e9ctricas de carb\u00f3n<\/strong>. Las dos potencias econ\u00f3micas, junto con el apoyo de Canad\u00e1 y otros pa\u00edses de la Uni\u00f3n Europea, pretenden bloquear la construcci\u00f3n de estas instalaciones a trav\u00e9s de la activaci\u00f3n de una \u201cNueva Pol\u00edtica de Exclusi\u00f3n del Carb\u00f3n\u00bb para instituciones financieras privadas y compa\u00f1\u00edas de seguros.<\/p>\nEl documento propone que la Organizaci\u00f3n para la Cooperaci\u00f3n y el Desarrollo Econ\u00f3micos (OCDE) establezca est\u00e1ndares de salida de carb\u00f3n para firmas financieras privadas. Entidades reguladoras, agencias de calificaci\u00f3n y organizaciones no gubernamentales ser\u00edan las encargadas de investigar y rastrear estas posibles financiaciones \u201cfraudulentas\u201d.<\/p>\n
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\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 el eje central de la COP28 ser\u00e1 la eliminaci\u00f3n del carb\u00f3n? <\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00bb1px\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ 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\nPorque el\u00a0carb\u00f3n es el combustible f\u00f3sil\u00a0que m\u00e1s contribuye al cambio clim\u00e1tico a nivel mundial. En paralelo, las centrales t\u00e9rmicas de carb\u00f3n\u00a0son la mayor fuente de emisiones de CO2\u00a0de origen antropog\u00e9nico.<\/p>\n
Seg\u00fan Greenpeace, pese al acuerdo de Par\u00eds, en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os algunos pa\u00edses como China, India, EE. UU. y algunas naciones del este de Europa, han estado permitiendo que la industria invierta cientos de miles de millones de d\u00f3lares para construir nuevas centrales t\u00e9rmicas de carb\u00f3n.<\/p>\n
La construcci\u00f3n de todas estas instalaciones podr\u00eda provocar que, para 2030, el carb\u00f3n sea responsable del 60% de las emisiones de CO2. <\/strong>La eliminaci\u00f3n del carb\u00f3n debe ser una de las principales l\u00edneas de acci\u00f3n para activar la transici\u00f3n energ\u00e9tica y reducir la huella de carbono global generada por el ser humano.<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00bb40px\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/plataformazeo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/marcin-jozwiak-T-eDxGcn-Ok-unsplash.jpg\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb \/][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb 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Sin embargo, seguramente la propuesta de esta medida prohibitiva al carb\u00f3n contar\u00e1 con la oposici\u00f3n de pa\u00edses como India y China, cuyo suministro energ\u00e9tico depende en gran medida de este combustible de origen f\u00f3sil.<\/p>\n
Aunque la India ha aumentado la generaci\u00f3n de energ\u00eda no f\u00f3sil a un 44%, actualmente el 73% de la electricidad consumida en la India se produce con carb\u00f3n. <\/strong><\/p>\nEn el caso de China, los \u00faltimos datos disponibles revelan que en 2020 el pa\u00eds asi\u00e1tico gener\u00f3 4.775 TWh a partir de centrales el\u00e9ctricas de carb\u00f3n, una participaci\u00f3n del 63% en la generaci\u00f3n el\u00e9ctrica china. De todos modos, aunque China consume la mitad del carb\u00f3n mundial, los analistas energ\u00e9ticos aseguran que se est\u00e1 pilotando una aut\u00e9ntica \u00abrevoluci\u00f3n energ\u00e9tica\u00bb del pa\u00eds en la provincia de Shanxi.<\/p>\n
La propuesta por parte de EEUU y Francia de prohibir la financiaci\u00f3n privada a centrales el\u00e9ctricas de carb\u00f3n ha suscitado un gran debate sobre la importancia de activar una transici\u00f3n ecol\u00f3gica justa<\/strong>, que no deje a nadie atr\u00e1s.<\/p>\nDebemos tener en cuenta que, tanto China como la India, iniciaron su desarrollo econ\u00f3mico y productivo casi un siglo despu\u00e9s que el resto de potencias econ\u00f3micas que reclaman el cese de la producci\u00f3n energ\u00e9tica a trav\u00e9s de carb\u00f3n.<\/p>\n
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Estos pa\u00edses, que han estado d\u00e9cadas enriqueci\u00e9ndose y creciendo gracias a la explotaci\u00f3n de este recurso, ahora reclaman a estos pa\u00edses que acaban de empezar que dejen de hacer lo que ellos hicieron hace tiempo.<\/p>\n
Precisamente por ello, parte de la comunidad clim\u00e1tica considera \u201cinjustas\u201d este tipo de medidas prohibitivas. Los ecologistas creen que, si se quiere implementar esta prohibici\u00f3n, se deben activar en paralelo estrategias o fondos espec\u00edficos<\/strong> para paliar las consecuencias que traer\u00e1 esta medida para los pa\u00edses que dependen energ\u00e9ticamente del carb\u00f3n.<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00bb1px\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ 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La reducci\u00f3n de las emisiones de metano ser\u00e1 otro de los temas de debate de la COP28<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb text_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bbtext_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ text_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=\u00bb1px\u00bb link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_vertical_length=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ link_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb link_text_shadow_blur_strength=\u00bblink_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93″ 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Habitualmente, las conversaciones sobre el clima suelen centrarse en la reducci\u00f3n del CO2, uno de los Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI) que provocan el cambio clim\u00e1tico. Sin embargo, esta COP28 tambi\u00e9n se hablar\u00e1 sobre el metano, un gas de efecto invernadero que tiene un mayor potencial de calentamiento global que el di\u00f3xido de carbono.<\/p>\n
El metano es el segundo gas que m\u00e1s contribuyente al calentamiento global causado por el ser humano despu\u00e9s del di\u00f3xido de carbono (CO2). Tiene un\u00a0potencial de calentamiento global 28 veces mayor que el CO2 y puede permanecer en la atmosfera hasta 20 a\u00f1os<\/strong> despu\u00e9s de su liberaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\nEn este sentido, la concentraci\u00f3n de metano en la atm\u00f3sfera actualmente es 2,5 veces mayor que la de los niveles preindustriales. Y este aumento se ha acelerado cada vez m\u00e1s en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n
Una cuarta parte de estas emisiones son generadas por la agricultura y el sector ganadero. En paralelo, el sector energ\u00e9tico es el segundo mayor emisor de metano. Se generan grandes cantidades de metano durante la producci\u00f3n de energ\u00eda en instalaciones como gaseoductos, o tambi\u00e9n a causa de fugas liberadas por el mantenimiento de las instalaciones.<\/p>\n
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A pesar de la monitorizaci\u00f3n a trav\u00e9s de sat\u00e9lites por parte de la Agencia Internacional de la Energ\u00eda (AIE)<\/strong>, la cantidad global de metano que se est\u00e1 liberando a la atmosfera sigue siendo una gran inc\u00f3gnita. Precisamente por ello, se espera que los pa\u00edses busquen nuevas v\u00edas para incrementar el conocimiento sobre el impacto de este gas en el planeta y su contribuci\u00f3n en el cambio clim\u00e1tico<\/p>\nAdem\u00e1s, tambi\u00e9n es necesario estudiar nuevos mecanismos para reducir la emisi\u00f3n de este gas. Seg\u00fan un informe de la AIE, las reducciones r\u00e1pidas en las emisiones de metano vinculadas al sector de los combustibles f\u00f3siles podr\u00edan evitar hasta un 0,1 \u00baC de calentamiento para mediados de siglo.<\/p>\n
La reducci\u00f3n de este gas podr\u00eda tener un impacto mayor que \u00abretirar inmediatamente todos los autom\u00f3viles y camiones de las carreteras\u00bb, confirma el documento.<\/p>\n
Por \u00faltimo, la descomposici\u00f3n descontrolada de los residuos generados por el ser humano, especialmente los de origen org\u00e1nico, tambi\u00e9n contribuyen enormemente a la huella de metano global.<\/p>\n
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Tal y como se recoge en el presente art\u00edculo, la COP28 volver\u00e1 a ser el escenario en el que se impulsen los acuerdos que nos permitir\u00e1n activar la transici\u00f3n ecol\u00f3gica.<\/p>\n
La \u00fanica forma de frenar el cambio clim\u00e1tico y lograr una sociedad ZEO es a trav\u00e9s de un abandono gradual de los combustibles f\u00f3siles r\u00e1pido, justo y financiado.<\/p>\n
Los pa\u00edses que m\u00e1s han contribuido al cambio clim\u00e1tico, deben compensar ahora sus acciones ayudando a aquellos que tienen menos recursos a activar su transici\u00f3n ecol\u00f3gica<\/strong>. Porque, aunque est\u00e1 claro que no podemos volver atr\u00e1s en el tiempo para evitar este crecimiento insostenible, lo que s\u00ed que podemos hacer es articular un futuro basado en el progreso sostenible.<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2″ custom_padding__hover=\u00bb|||\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb|||\u00bb][et_pb_image _builder_version=\u00bb3.26.3″ src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/plataformazeo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/COP-28-2.jpeg\u00bb box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb box_shadow_vertical_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb box_shadow_blur_tablet=\u00bb40px\u00bb box_shadow_spread_tablet=\u00bb0px\u00bb z_index_tablet=\u00bb500″ \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Del 30 de noviembre al 12 de diciembre se celebrar\u00e1 en Dub\u00e1i, Emiratos \u00c1rabes, el encuentro internacional sobre cambio clim\u00e1tico m\u00e1s importante: la COP28.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":20019,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[83,80,21,78,22,82],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20018","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-documentacion","category-economia-es","category-emisiones","category-energia-es","category-eventos","category-naturaleza"],"yoast_head":"\n
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